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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">systhiper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Системные гипертензии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Systemic Hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-082X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2189</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «ИнтерМедсервис»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">systhiper-297</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Легочная артериальная гипертензия: на пути от рациональной диагностики к выбору эффективной лекарственной терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чазова</surname><given-names>И. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chazova</surname><given-names>I. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынюк</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynyuk</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ИКК им. А.Л.Мясникова ФГБУ Российский кардиологический научно-производственный комплекс Минздрава РФ</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чазова И.Е., Мартынюк Т.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чазова И.Е., Мартынюк Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chazova I.E., Martynyuk T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/297">https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/297</self-uri><abstract><p>Легочная артериальная гипертензия (ЛАГ) – это клиническое состояние, которое характеризуется наличием прекапиллярной легочной гипертензии (ЛГ) при отсутствии других причин, приводящих к повышению давления в легочной артерии (ДЛА), таких как заболевания легких, хроническая тромбоэмболия ЛА и т.д., в том числе редких болезней. На IV Мировом симпозиуме по ЛГ в 2008 г. были предложены новые диагностические критерии ЛАГ: среднее ДЛА≥25 мм рт. ст. в покое при нормальном уровне давления заклинивания в ЛА≤15 мм рт. ст. ЛАГ представляет первую категорию ЛГ, включающую различные нозологические единицы со сходными клиническими проявлениями, морфологической картиной и гемодинамическими нарушениями. Ключевым звеном патогенеза ЛАГ является дисфункция эндотелия с нарушением баланса между вазодилатирующими и вазоконстрикторными веществами и активацией системы свертывания крови, что приводит к ремоделированию сосудов малого круга кровообращения и повышению легочного сосудистого сопротивления. Выявление потенциальных мишеней для терапевтического воздействия и проведения значительного количества рандомизированных исследований с препаратами патогенетической терапии привело к внедрению в клиническую практику лекарственных средств, воздействующих на три потенциальные мишени: 1) дефицит простациклина, который восполняют аналоги простациклина – простаноиды; 2) дефицит оксида азота, вазодилатирующий эффект которого связан с повышением уровня циклического гуанозинмонофосфата, что существенно улучшило возможности лечения больных ЛАГ. Примером эффективной комбинированной специфической терапии ЛАГ является исследование PACES, в котором изучалась эффективность силденафила в сочетании с внутривенным эпопростенолом.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a clinical condition characterized by precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the absence of other causes leading to an increase of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery (PA), such as lung diseases, chronic PA thromboembolism, etc., including rare diseases. The Fourth World Symposium on PH in 2008 proposed new diagnostic criteria for PAH: a resting mean PA pressure ≥25 mm Hg with a normal PA wedge pressure ≤15 mmHg. PAH is the first category of PH involving different nosological entities with similar clinical manifestations, morphological patterns, and hemodynamic disorders. The key component in the pathogenesis of PAH is endothelial dysfunction with imbalance between vasodilators and vasoconstrictors and activation of the blood coagulation system, giving rise to pulmonary vascular remodeling and enhanced pulmonary vascular resistance. The detection of potential targets for therapeutic exposure and a considerable number of randomized trials using the pathogenic therapeutic agents led to the introduction of medicines that affect three potential targets: 1) deficiency of prostacyclin that replenishes its analogues (prostanoids); 2) that of nitric oxide, the vasodilator effect of which is associated with the elevated level of cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which substantially improved treatment possibilities in patients with PAH. The PACES trial of the efficacy of sildenafil in combination with intravenous epoprostenol is an example of effective specific combination therapy for PAH.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>легочная артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>антагонисты рецепторов эндотелина</kwd><kwd>бозентан</kwd><kwd>простаноиды</kwd><kwd>илопрост</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы фосфодиэстеразы типа 5</kwd><kwd>силденафил</kwd><kwd>pulmonary arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>endothelin receptor antagonists</kwd><kwd>bosentan</kwd><kwd>iloprost</kwd><kwd>phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors</kwd><kwd>sildenafil</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. 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