<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">systhiper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Системные гипертензии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Systemic Hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-082X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2189</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «ИнтерМедсервис»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">systhiper-49</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КАРДИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CARDIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Клиническое значение дисфункции эндотелия при артериальной гипертонии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Небиеридзе</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ГНИЦ профилактической медицины, Москва</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2005</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Небиеридзе Д.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Небиеридзе Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Небиеридзе Д.В.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/49">https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/49</self-uri><abstract><p>Последние годы ознаменовались интенсивным развитием фундаментальных и клинических исследований роли сосудистого эндотелия в генезе сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ). В 1998 г., после получения Нобелевской премии в области медицины Феридом Мурадом, Робертом Фуршготом и Луисом Игнарро, была создана теоретическая основа для нового направления фундаментальных и клинических исследований – изучение роли дисфункции эндотелия (ДЭ) в патогенезе ССЗ и поиск способов эффективной ее коррекции. Согласно современным представлениям эндотелий представляет собой монослой клеток, выстилающий внутреннюю поверхность сосудов, который является аутокринным, паракринным и эндокринным органом с многочисленными регуляторными функциями. Общая масса эндотелия у человека колеблется в пределах 1600–1900 г, что больше массы печени. Эндотелий участвует в регуляции сосудистого тонуса, гемостаза, иммунного ответа, миграции клеток крови в сосудистую стенку, синтеза факторов воспаления и их ингибиторов, осуществляет барьерные функции. Барьерная функция эндотелия в организме сводится к поддержанию гомеостаза путем регуляции равновесного состояния противоположных процессов: тонуса сосудов (вазодилатация/вазоконстрикция), анатомического строения сосудов (ремоделирование/ингибирование факторов пролиферации), гемостаза (синтез и ингибирование факторов фибринолиза и агрегации тромбоцитов), местного воспаления (выработка про - и противовоспалительных факторов). Таким образом, эндотелий не только регулирует тонус сосудов, но и выполняет другие важные функции. ДЭ – это прежде всего дисбаланс между продукцией вазодилатирующих, ангиопротективных, антипролиферативных факторов, с одной стороны (простациклин, тканевый активатор плазминогена, С-тип натрийуретического пептида, эндотелиального гиперполяризующего фактора), и вазоконстриктивных, протромботических, пролиферативных факторов – с другой (эндотелин, супероксид-анион, тромбоксан А, ингибитор тканевого активатора плазминогена)</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сосудистый эндотелий</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>дисфункция эндотелия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Малая Л.Т., Корж А. Н., Балковая Л. Б. Эндотелиальная дисфункция при патологии сердечно - сосудистой системы. Харьков: ТОРСИНГ, 2000; с. 10–20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Малая Л.Т., Корж А. Н., Балковая Л. Б. Эндотелиальная дисфункция при патологии сердечно - сосудистой системы. Харьков: ТОРСИНГ, 2000; с. 10–20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vane J.R, Anggard E.E, Botting R.M. Regulatory functions of the vascular endothelium. New Engl J Med 1990; 323: 27–36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vane J.R, Anggard E.E, Botting R.M. Regulatory functions of the vascular endothelium. New Engl J Med 1990; 323: 27–36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Furchgott R.F, Zawadzki J.V. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature 1980; 288: 373–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Furchgott R.F, Zawadzki J.V. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature 1980; 288: 373–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palmer R.M, Ferrige A.G, Moncada S. Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium - derived relaxing factor. Nature 1987; 327: 524–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palmer R.M, Ferrige A.G, Moncada S. Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium - derived relaxing factor. Nature 1987; 327: 524–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ignarro L.J. Wei Lun Visiting Professorial Lecture: Nitric oxide in the regulation of vascular function: an historical overview. J Card Surg 2002 Jul-Aug; 17 (4): 301–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ignarro L.J. Wei Lun Visiting Professorial Lecture: Nitric oxide in the regulation of vascular function: an historical overview. J Card Surg 2002 Jul-Aug; 17 (4): 301–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schiffrin E.L, Hayoz D. Angiotension II Receptor antagonists. Edited by Murray Epstein and Hans R. Brunner. Hanley Belfus, INC Philadelphia. 2001; 279–89.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schiffrin E.L, Hayoz D. Angiotension II Receptor antagonists. Edited by Murray Epstein and Hans R. Brunner. Hanley Belfus, INC Philadelphia. 2001; 279–89.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taddei S, Virdis A, Chiadoni L, Salvetti A. The pivotal role of endotelium in hypertension. Medicographia. Issue 59. 1999; 21 (1): 22–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taddei S, Virdis A, Chiadoni L, Salvetti A. The pivotal role of endotelium in hypertension. Medicographia. Issue 59. 1999; 21 (1): 22–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stroes E.S, Koomans Н.А, de Bmin T.W, Rabelink Т.J. Vascular function in the forearm of hypercholesterolaemic patients off and оn lipid - lowering medication. Lancet 1995; 346: 467–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stroes E.S, Koomans Н.А, de Bmin T.W, Rabelink Т.J. Vascular function in the forearm of hypercholesterolaemic patients off and оn lipid - lowering medication. Lancet 1995; 346: 467–71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnstone М.Т, Creager S.L, Scales K.M et al. Impaired endothelium - dependent vasodilation in patients with insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Circulation 1993; 88: 2510–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnstone М.Т, Creager S.L, Scales K.M et al. Impaired endothelium - dependent vasodilation in patients with insulindependent diabetes mellitus. Circulation 1993; 88: 2510–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zeiher А.M, Schachinger V, Мinnenf. Long - term cigarette smoking impairs endothelium independent coronary arterial vasodilator function. Circulation 1995; 92: 1094–100.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zeiher А.M, Schachinger V, Мinnenf. Long - term cigarette smoking impairs endothelium independent coronary arterial vasodilator function. Circulation 1995; 92: 1094–100.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzau V.J, Gibbons G.H. Endothelium and growth factors in vascular remodelling of hypertension. Hypertension. 1991; 18 (suppl. III): III–115–III–121.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzau V.J, Gibbons G.H. Endothelium and growth factors in vascular remodelling of hypertension. Hypertension. 1991; 18 (suppl. III): III–115–III–121.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taddei S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Salvetti A. The role of endothelium in human hypertension. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertension 1998; 7 (2): 203–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taddei S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Salvetti A. The role of endothelium in human hypertension. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertension 1998; 7 (2): 203–9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mattel P, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Taddei S, Salvetti A. Endothelial function in hypertension. J Nephrol 1997; 10 (4): 192–7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mattel P, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, Taddei S, Salvetti A. Endothelial function in hypertension. J Nephrol 1997; 10 (4): 192–7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vogel R.A. Coronary risk factors, endothelial function, and atherosclerosis: a review. Clin Cardiol 1997; 20 (5): 426–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vogel R.A. Coronary risk factors, endothelial function, and atherosclerosis: a review. Clin Cardiol 1997; 20 (5): 426–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Volker Schachinger M.D; Martina B.Britten; Andreas M. Zeither. Prognostic impact of coronary Vasodilator Dysfunction on Adverse Long - Term Outcome of Coronary Heart Disease. Circulation 2000; 101: 1899–906.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Volker Schachinger M.D; Martina B.Britten; Andreas M. Zeither. Prognostic impact of coronary Vasodilator Dysfunction on Adverse Long - Term Outcome of Coronary Heart Disease. Circulation 2000; 101: 1899–906.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haeffliger I.O, Meyer P, Flammer J, Luscher T.F. The vascular endothelium as a regulator of the ocular circulation: a new concept in ophthalmology? Surv Ophthalmol 1994; 39 (2): 123–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haeffliger I.O, Meyer P, Flammer J, Luscher T.F. The vascular endothelium as a regulator of the ocular circulation: a new concept in ophthalmology? Surv Ophthalmol 1994; 39 (2): 123–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stehouwer C.D, Jager A, Donker A.J. Microalbuminuria in essential hypertension: of limited value as an indicator of patients with a high risk for complications. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1997; 141 (34): 1649–53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stehouwer C.D, Jager A, Donker A.J. Microalbuminuria in essential hypertension: of limited value as an indicator of patients with a high risk for complications. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1997; 141 (34): 1649–53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pepine C.J, Celermajer D.S, Drexler H. Vascular health as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. University of Florida 1998.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pepine C.J, Celermajer D.S, Drexler H. Vascular health as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease. University of Florida 1998.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schretzenmayr A. Uber kreislaufregulatorische vorgange an den groben arterien bei muskelarbeit. Pflugers. Arch Ges Physiol 1933; 232: 743–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schretzenmayr A. Uber kreislaufregulatorische vorgange an den groben arterien bei muskelarbeit. Pflugers. Arch Ges Physiol 1933; 232: 743–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pohl U, Holtz J, Busse R et al. Crucial role of endothelium in the vasodilator response to increased flow in vivo. Hypertension 1986; 8 (1): 37–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pohl U, Holtz J, Busse R et al. Crucial role of endothelium in the vasodilator response to increased flow in vivo. Hypertension 1986; 8 (1): 37–44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cooke J.P, Rossitch E, Andon N et al. Flow activates endothelial potassium channel to release endogenous nitrovasodilator. Clin Invest 1991; 88: 1663–71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cooke J.P, Rossitch E, Andon N et al. Flow activates endothelial potassium channel to release endogenous nitrovasodilator. Clin Invest 1991; 88: 1663–71.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Celermajer D.S, Sorensen K.E, Gooch V.M et al. Non – invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet 1992; 340: 1111–5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Celermajer D.S, Sorensen K.E, Gooch V.M et al. Non – invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet 1992; 340: 1111–5.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blann A.D, Tarberner D.A. A reliable marker of endothelial cell dysfunction: does it exist? Brit J Haematol 1995; 90: 244–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blann A.D, Tarberner D.A. A reliable marker of endothelial cell dysfunction: does it exist? Brit J Haematol 1995; 90: 244–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moshage H, Kok B, Huzenga R et all. Nitrite and nitrate determination in plasma: A critical evaluation. Clin Chem 1995; 41: 892–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moshage H, Kok B, Huzenga R et all. Nitrite and nitrate determination in plasma: A critical evaluation. Clin Chem 1995; 41: 892–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deanfield J, Donald A, Ferri C, Giannattasio C et al. Endothelial function and dysfunction. Part I: Methodological issues foe assessment in the different vascular beds: A statement by the Working group on Endothelin and Endothelial Factors of the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertes 2005 Jan; 23 (1): 7–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deanfield J, Donald A, Ferri C, Giannattasio C et al. Endothelial function and dysfunction. Part I: Methodological issues foe assessment in the different vascular beds: A statement by the Working group on Endothelin and Endothelial Factors of the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertes 2005 Jan; 23 (1): 7–17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zanchetti A. Clinical pharmacodynamics of nebivolol: new evidence of nitric oxide - mediated vasodilating activity and peculiar hemodynamic properties in hypertensive patients. Blood pressure Suppl. 2004 Oct; 1: 17–32</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zanchetti A. Clinical pharmacodynamics of nebivolol: new evidence of nitric oxide - mediated vasodilating activity and peculiar hemodynamic properties in hypertensive patients. Blood pressure Suppl. 2004 Oct; 1: 17–32</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чазова И.Е., Мычка В.Б. Метаболический синдром. М.: ИД "Медиа Медика", 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Чазова И.Е., Мычка В.Б. Метаболический синдром. М.: ИД "Медиа Медика", 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ярик-Мартынова И.Р., Шестакова М.В., Александров А.А., Ахматова Ф.Д. Влияние b - блокатора небиволола на тонус симпатической нервной системы и микроальбуминурию у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа. Тезисы докладов 3 Российского Диабетологического Конгресса. М., 2004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ярик-Мартынова И.Р., Шестакова М.В., Александров А.А., Ахматова Ф.Д. Влияние b - блокатора небиволола на тонус симпатической нервной системы и микроальбуминурию у больных сахарным диабетом 1 типа. Тезисы докладов 3 Российского Диабетологического Конгресса. М., 2004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang X, Kichuk M.R, Mital S et al. Amlodipine promotes kinin - mediated nitric oxide production in coronary microvessels of failing human hearts. Am J Cardiol 1999; 84: 27L–33L.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang X, Kichuk M.R, Mital S et al. Amlodipine promotes kinin - mediated nitric oxide production in coronary microvessels of failing human hearts. Am J Cardiol 1999; 84: 27L–33L.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yang Z, Bauer E, von Segesser L et al. Different mobilization of calcium in endothelin-1 – induced contractions in human arteries and veins: effects of calcium antagonists. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 88: 832–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yang Z, Bauer E, von Segesser L et al. Different mobilization of calcium in endothelin-1 – induced contractions in human arteries and veins: effects of calcium antagonists. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 88: 832–6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Effect of nifedipine and cerivastatine on coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. The ENCORE I Study. (Evaluation of Nifedipine and Cerivaststine On Recovery of coronary Endothelial Function). Circulation 2003; 107: 422–8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Effect of nifedipine and cerivastatine on coronary endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease. The ENCORE I Study. (Evaluation of Nifedipine and Cerivaststine On Recovery of coronary Endothelial Function). Circulation 2003; 107: 422–8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown M.J, Palmer C.R, Castaigne A et al. Morbidity and mortality in patients randomized to double - blind treatment with a long - acting calcium - channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifediine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet 2000; 356: 366–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown M.J, Palmer C.R, Castaigne A et al. Morbidity and mortality in patients randomized to double - blind treatment with a long - acting calcium - channel blocker or diuretic in the International Nifediine GITS Study: Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT). Lancet 2000; 356: 366–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simon A, Gariepy J, Moyse B, Levenson J. Differential effect of nifedipine and co - amilozide on the progression of early carotid wall changes.Circulation 2001; 103 (24): 2949.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simon A, Gariepy J, Moyse B, Levenson J. Differential effect of nifedipine and co - amilozide on the progression of early carotid wall changes.Circulation 2001; 103 (24): 2949.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Motro M, Shemesh J. Calcium channel blocker nifedipine slows down progression of coronary calcification in hypertensive patients compared with diuretics. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Motro M, Shemesh J. Calcium channel blocker nifedipine slows down progression of coronary calcification in hypertensive patients compared with diuretics. Hypertension 2001; 37: 1410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Poole-Wilson P.A, Lubsen J, Kirwan B.A et al. on behalf of the ACTION (A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system) investigators. Effect of long - acting nifedipine on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with stable angina requiring treatment (ACTION trial): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 364: 849–57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Poole-Wilson P.A, Lubsen J, Kirwan B.A et al. on behalf of the ACTION (A Coronary disease Trial Investigating Outcome with Nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system) investigators. Effect of long - acting nifedipine on mortality and cardiovascular morbidity in patients with stable angina requiring treatment (ACTION trial): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2004; 364: 849–57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
