systhiperСистемные гипертензииSystemic Hypertension2075-082X2542-2189LLC «ИнтерМедсервис»systhiper-495Research ArticleКАРДИОПУЛЬМОНОЛОГИЯВлияние антигипертензивной и СИПАП-терапии на маркеры воспалительного ответа и эндотелиальной функции у пациентов с синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна тяжелой степени в сочетании с артериальной гипертониейThe effect of antihypertensive therapy and CPAP therapy on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers levels in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in association with arterial hypertensionЕлфимоваЕ. М.ElfimovaE. M.eelfimova@gmail.comРвачеваА. В.RvachevaA. V.noemail@neicon.ruТрипотеньМ. И.TripotenM. I.noemail@neicon.ruПогореловаО. В.PogorelovaO. V.noemail@neicon.ruБалахоноваТ. В.BalakhonovaT. V.noemail@neicon.ruЗыковК. А.ZykovK. A.noemail@neicon.ruЛитвинА. Ю.LitvinA. Yu.noemail@neicon.ruИнститут клинической кардиологии им. А.Л.Мясникова ФГБУ «Российский кардиологический научно-производственный комплекс» Минздрава РоссииРоссияA.L.Myasnikov Institute of Clinical Cardiology Russian Cardiological Scientific-Industrial Complex of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2017231220221413740Copyright © Елфимова Е.М., Рвачева А.В., Трипотень М.И., Погорелова О.В., Балахонова Т.В., Зыков К.А., Литвин А.Ю., 20222022Елфимова Е.М., Рвачева А.В., Трипотень М.И., Погорелова О.В., Балахонова Т.В., Зыков К.А., Литвин А.Ю.Elfimova E.M., Rvacheva A.V., Tripoten M.I., Pogorelova O.V., Balakhonova T.V., Zykov K.A., Litvin A.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/495

Цель исследования - оценить влияние антигипертензивной (АГТ) и СИПАП-терапии на маркеры воспалительного ответа и эндотелиальной функции у пациентов с синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна (СОАС) тяжелой степени в сочетании с артериальной гипертонией (АГ). Материал и методы. В исследование были включены 43 пациента мужского пола с СОАС тяжелой степени (индекс апноэ/гипопноэ 52,4 [46,1; 58,6] соб./ч) и АГ (систолическое артериальное давление - АД 144,0 [142,0; 156,0] мм рт. ст., диастолическое АД 90,9 [88,3; 93,5] мм рт. ст.). Пациентам проводился ступенчатый подбор АГТ ингибитором ангиотензинпревращающего фермента, антагонистом кальция, тиазидоподобным диуретиком до достижения целевых значений АД по методу Короткова. Пациенты, достигшие целевого уровня АД (АД≤140/90 мм рт. ст), были рандомизированы в группу продолжения приема АГТ (1-я группа, n=23) и группу, в которой к АГТ подбиралась эффективная СИПАП-терапия (2-я группа, n=22). Исходно, при достижении целевых цифр АД на фоне АГТ (2-й визит) и через 3 мес терапии (АГТ или АГТ+СИПАП) - 3-й визит, проводились иммунофенотипирование лимфоцитов периферической крови, определение панели цитокинов (интерлейкин - ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, фактор некроза опухоли α, ИЛ-2Ra, sCD40L) и молекул адгезии (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) в сыворотке крови, оценка уровня тромбоксана В2, 6-кетопростациклина (6-кето-PGF1α) и эндотелина-1. Пациентам осуществлялась оценка потокзависимой вазодилатации плечевой артерии в ходе пробы с реактивной гиперемией по D.Celermajer. Результаты. На фоне комбинированной АГТ целевого уровня клинического АД достигли 95% пациентов. На фоне достижения целевых цифр АД у пациентов с АГ в сочетании с СОАС тяжелой степени было выявлено достоверное снижение уровня ИЛ-1β -0,16 [-0,5; 0], р=0,000 и количества CD50+ клеток (лимфоцитов, несущих молекулу межклеточной адгезии - ICAM-3): с 2158,5 [1884,7; 2432,3] до 1949,6 [1740,9; 2158,3], р=0,050. Достоверных изменений в вазомоторной функции эндотелия на фоне АГТ зафиксировано не было. На фоне комбинации АГТ и СИПАП-терапии выявлено достоверное снижение уровня фибриногена (-0,3 [-0,4; -0,1], р=0,002) и гомоцистеина: Δ -2,03 [-3,8; -0,2], p=0,03. Заключение. Комбинация АГТ и СИПАП-терапии у пациентов с СОАС тяжелой степени и АГ позволяет не только достичь целевых значений АД, но и приводит к снижению маркеров активности воспалительного процесса и уменьшению проявлений эндотелиальной дисфункции.

Objective. To evaluate the effect of antihypertensive therapy (AHT) and CPAP therapy on inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers levels in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome in association with arterial hypertension (AH). Materials and methods. The study included 43 male patients with severe OSA syndrome (Apnea-Hypopnea Index 52.4 [46.1; 58.6]) and AH (systolic blood pressure 144.0 [142.0; 156.0] mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure 90.9 [88.3; 93.5] mm Hg). Treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium antagonists, and thiazide-like diuretics was performed till target BP level measured with Korotkoff method was achieved. The patients who had reached target BP level (BP≤140/90 mm Hg) were randomized into two groups: group 1 included 23 patients who continued taking the AHT, group 2 included 22 patients who continued taking the AHT to which CPAP therapy was added. Peripheral blood lymphocyte immunophenotyping, cytokine panel test (IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor a, IL-2Ra, sCD40L), adhesion molecule analysis (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), thromboxane B2, 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1a), and endothelin-1 levels in blood serum were evaluated at admission, after target BP level achievement (2nd visit) and after 3 months of AHT or AHT+CPAP therapy (3rd visit). Flow-mediated dilation of brachial artery was assessed using reactive hyperemia test by D.Celermajer. Results. Against the background of combined AHT the target BP level was achieved by 95% of patients. After target BP level achievement a significant decrease of IL-1β -0.16 [-0.5; 0], p=0.000 level and number of CD50+ cells (lymphocytes with inter-cellular adhesion molecule ICAM-3) from 2158.5 [1884.7; 2432.3] to 1949.6 [1740.9; 2158.3], p=0.050 were observed in patients with severe OSA associated with AH. There were no significant changes in vascular endothelial function observed in patients taking only AHT. Significant decrease of fibrinogen (-0.3 [-0.4; -0.1], p=0.002) and homocystein (-2.03 [-3.8; -0.2], p=0.03) levels was observed in patients taking both AHT and CPAP therapy. Conclusion. The combination of AHT and CPAP therapy in patients with severe OSA and AH not only allows reaching the target BP level but also leads to inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers levels decrease.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.