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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">systhiper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Системные гипертензии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Systemic Hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-082X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2189</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «ИнтерМедсервис»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26442/2075082X.2019.2.190357</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">systhiper-583</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ортостатические реакции и когнитивные дисфункции у больных артериальной гипертонией пожилого и старческого возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Orthostatic reactions and cognitive dysfunctions in elderly and senile patients with arterial hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атюнина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Atyunina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">atyunina_i@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ощепкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oschepkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогоза</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogoza</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «НМИЦ кардиологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Cardiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Атюнина И.В., Ощепкова Е.В., Рогоза А.Н., Лазарева Н.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Атюнина И.В., Ощепкова Е.В., Рогоза А.Н., Лазарева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Atyunina I.V., Oschepkova E.V., Rogoza A.N., Lazareva N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/583">https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/583</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель. Изучить взаимосвязи ортостатических гипотензивных реакций (ОГР), выявленных с использованием активной и пассивной ортостатических проб, с состоянием когнитивных функций у больных артериальной гипертонией (АГ) старших возрастных групп. Материалы и методы. Обследованы 75 больных АГ I-III стадии (средний возраст 67±5 лет). Больные получали регулярную антигипертензивную терапию, исключая прием препаратов в день исследования. Исследование ОГР проводилось с использованием 5-минутной активной и 5-минутной пассивной ортостатических проб с ежеминутным измерением АД на плече осциллометрическим методом и непрерывным неинвазивным измерением систолического (САД) и диастолического (ДАД) артериального давления в пальцевой артерии фотокомпенсационным методом (Task Force Monitor, CNSystems, Австрия). Наличие или отсутствие классической ортостатической гипотензии (КОГ) и начальной ортостатической гипотензии (НОГ) оценивалось согласно критериям Европейского общества кардиологии (2018 г.). Изучение когнитивных функций проводилось с помощью краткого исследования психического состояния (Mini-Mental State Examination - MMSE), теста рисования часов и теста Мюнстерберга. Анализ проведен с использованием программы Statistica 6.0. Данные из совокупностей с нормальным распределением сравнивались с помощью t-критерия Стьюдента, при сравнении данных с распределением, отличающимся от нормального, применялся критерий Манна-Уитни. Для сравнения групп по качественным признакам использовали точный критерий Фишера. Результаты. У 23 (31%) больных выявлены различные типы ОГР, из них у 9 (12%) - изолированная НОГ, у 14 (19%) - КОГ, среди которых у 7 больных имело место сочетание КОГ+НОГ. Выявленная КОГ имела нейрогенный характер у всех больных. Результат теста рисования часов у больных c ОГР был достоверно хуже по сравнению с больными без ОГР (7,5±1,5 vs 8,4±0,8, p&lt;0,05, при норме 10 баллов). Результаты теста Мюнстерберга продемонстрировали снижение уровня внимания и концентрации у больных ОГР (21,4±2,2 vs 22,5±1,2 соответственно, p&lt;0,05). Тест MMSE не выявил значимых отличий у лиц с ОГР (26,1±2,28 vs 27,8±0,8 балла, p&gt;0,05). Снижение когнитивных функций отмечалось у больных с КОГ по сравнению с больными без ОГР (тест Мюнстерберга: 21,2±2,6 vs 22,5±1,2, p&lt;0,05; тест рисования часов: 7,3±1,5 vs 8,4±0,8, p&lt;0,05; тест MMSE: 26,3±2,3 vs 26,9±1,2, p&gt;0,05 соответственно). У больных с НОГ этой закономерности не отмечено (больные с НОГ и без ОГР: тест Мюнстерберга: 21,9±1,27 vs 22,5±1,2, p&gt;0,05; тест рисования часов: 7,7±1,7 vs 8,4±0,8, p&gt;0,05; тест MMSE: 25,7±2,3 vs 26,9±1,2, p&gt;0,05 соответственно). Заключение. ОГР выявлены у 31% больных АГ старших возрастных групп. Наиболее выраженное снижение когнитивных функций отмечено у больных АГ с КОГ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Aim. To study the relationship of orthostatic hypotensive reactions (OHR), detected using active (AOT) and passive orthostatic tests (POT) with the state of cognitive functions in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) in older age groups. Materials and methods. 75 patients with hypertension I-III stage were examined (67±5 years). Patients received regular antihypertensive therapy, excluding medication on the day of the study. The study of the OHR was carried out using a 5-minute AOT and 5-minute POT with a minute-by-minute measurement of blood pressure on the shoulder using the oscillometric method and continuous non-invasive measurement of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in the finger artery by a photocompensation method (Task Force Monitor, CNSystems, Austria). The presence or absence of classical orthostatic hypotension (COH) and initial orthostatic hypotension (IOH) was assessed according to the criteria of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC-2018). The study of cognitive functions was carried out using a brief study of the mental state (Mini-Mental State Examination - MMSE), the clock drawing test and the Münstenberg test. The analysis was performed using Statistica 6.0. Data from sets with normal distribution were compared using student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test was used when comparing data with a distribution different from the normal one. To compare the groups on qualitative characteristics used Fisher's exact test. Results. In 23 (31%) patients, different types of OHR were identified, of them, 9 (12%) had isolated IOH, 14 (19%) had COH, among which 7 patients had a combination of COH+IOH). The revealed COH was neurogenic in all patients. The test result for drawing clocks in patients with OHR was significantly worse compared with patients without OHR (7.5±1.5 vs 8.4±0.8, p&lt;0.05 at a rate of 10 points). The results of the Munsterberg test showed a decrease in the level of attention and concentration in patients with OHR (21.4±2.2 vs 22.5±1.2 respectively, p&lt;0.05). The MMSE test did not reveal significant differences in individuals with OHR (26.1±2.28 vs 27.8±0.8 points, p&gt;0.05). A decrease in cognitive functions was observed in patients with COH compared with patients without OHR (Munsterberg test: 21.2±2.6 vs 22.5±1.2, p&lt;0.05; clock drawing test: 7.3±1.5 vs 8.4±0.8, p&lt;0.05; MMSE test: 26.3±2.3 vs 26.9±1.2, p&gt;0.05 respectively). In patients with IOH, this pattern was not observed (patients with IOH and without OHR: Munsterberg test: 21.9±1.27 vs 22.5±1.2, p&gt;0.05; clock drawing test: 7.7±1.7 vs 8.4±0.8, p&gt;0.05; MMSE test: 25.7±2.3 vs 26.9±1.2, p&gt;0.05 respectively). Conclusion. OHR was detected in 31% of patients with AH in older age groups. The most pronounced decrease in cognitive functions was observed in patients with hypertension with COH.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ортостатическая гипотензия</kwd><kwd>классическая ортостатическая гипотензия</kwd><kwd>начальная ортостатическая гипотензия</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертония</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>orthostatic hypotension</kwd><kwd>classical orthostatic hypotension</kwd><kwd>initial orthostatic hypotension</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Low P.A. Prevalence of orthostatic hypotension. Clin Auton Res 2008; 18 (Suppl. 1): 8-13. DOI: 10.1007/s10286-007-1001-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Low P.A. Prevalence of orthostatic hypotension. Clin Auton Res 2008; 18 (Suppl. 1): 8-13. 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