systhiperСистемные гипертензииSystemic Hypertension2075-082X2542-2189LLC «ИнтерМедсервис»10.26442/2075082X.2019.2.190354systhiper-584Research ArticleСТАТЬИARTICLESВозможности коррекции артериального давления и метаболических нарушений при помощи диетических программ у пациентов с избыточной массой тела и ожирениемPossibilities of blood pressure and metabolic disorders correction by using diet programs in patients with overweight and obesityЖернаковаЮ. В.ZhernakovaJ. V.juli001@mail.ruЖелезноваЕ. А.ZheleznovaE. A.noemail@neicon.ruЧазоваИ. Е.ChazovaI. E.c34h@yandex.ruБлиноваН. В.BlinovaN. V.noemail@neicon.ruИвановК. П.IvanovK. P.noemail@neicon.ruСтародубоваА. В.StarodubovaA. V.antoninastarodubova@yandex.ruФГБУ «НМИЦ кардиологии»РоссияNational Medical Research Center for CardiologyRussian FederationФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии»РоссияFederal Research Centre of Nutrition and BiotechnologyRussian Federation2019231220221625460Copyright © Жернакова Ю.В., Железнова Е.А., Чазова И.Е., Блинова Н.В., Иванов К.П., Стародубова А.В., 20222022Жернакова Ю.В., Железнова Е.А., Чазова И.Е., Блинова Н.В., Иванов К.П., Стародубова А.В.Zhernakova J.V., Zheleznova E.A., Chazova I.E., Blinova N.V., Ivanov K.P., Starodubova A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/584

Артериальная гипертония (АГ) является одним из значимых факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Большинство экспертов признают тесную взаимосвязь избыточной массы тела и ожирения с повышенным давлением. Неуклонный рост доли лиц с АГ, который последнее время прослеживается в эпидемиологических исследованиях, связывают с пандемией ожирения и сопутствующими ему состояниями - метаболическим синдромом и сахарным диабетом. В связи с этим становится явным, что коррекция массы тела играет ключевую роль среди модифицируемых факторов риска. Согласно последним рекомендациям Американской кардиологической ассоциации и Европейского общества кардиологов все пациенты с АГ должны следовать диетическим рекомендациям. Существует огромное количество рекомендаций по питанию, потенциально снижающих артериальное давление (АД), таких как ограничение потребления соли, увеличение уровня калия в рационе, потребления клетчатки, полиненасыщенных жирных кислот. Некоторые рекомендации объединяются в диетические паттерны. Одним из таких является вегетарианство. Также есть диеты, показавшие свою эффективность в снижении АД. Среди них средиземноморская, северная, DASH-диета. Цель данного обзора состоит в рассмотрении популярных диетических подходов, снижающих АД, и имеющихся доказательств их эффективности.

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular disease. The close relationship of overweight and obesity with high blood pressure is recognized by most experts. Recently, epidemiological studies have seen a steady increase in the frequency of arterial hypertension, which is associated with the pandemic of obesity and its attendant conditions - metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In this regard, it becomes clear that the correction of body weight plays a key role among the modified risk factors. According to the latest recommendations of The American Heart Association and The European Society of Cardiology, all patients with hypertension should follow dietary recommendations. There are a huge number of nutritional recommendations that potentially lower blood pressure. Such as restriction of salt intake, increased level of potassium in the diet, of fiber consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Some of the recommendations are combined into dietary patterns. One of these is vegetarianism. There are also diets that have shown their effectiveness in reducing blood pressure. These include the Mediterranean Diet, the Northern Diet, the DASH Diet. The purpose of this review is to consider the popular dietary approaches that reduce blood pressure and the evidence of their effectiveness.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.