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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">systhiper</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Системные гипертензии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Systemic Hypertension</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2075-082X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2542-2189</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC «ИнтерМедсервис»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.38109/2075-082X-2022-4-31-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">systhiper-644</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неконтролируемая и резистентная артериальная гипертензия: распространенность, методы коррекции терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Uncontrolled and resistant arterial hypertension: prevalence, methods of modification of therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0028-2784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юдин</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yudin</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юдин Иван Григорьевич, ассистент кафедры факультетской терапии №1, Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan G. Yudin, Assistant of the Department of Faculty Therapy No. 1, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>st. Trubetskaya, 8, building 2, Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yudin95@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-4417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомин Виктор Викторович, член-корр. РАН, профессор, доктор медицинских наук, проректор по инновационной и клинической деятельности, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии №1, Институт клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 2, г. Москва 119991</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. Fomin, corresponding member of RAS, Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Vice-Rector for Innovation and Clinical Activities, Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy No. 1, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>st. Trubetskaya, 8, building 2, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ Первый МГМУ им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет) МЗ РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>31</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Юдин И.Г., Фомин В.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Юдин И.Г., Фомин В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yudin I.G., Fomin V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/644">https://www.syst-hypertension.ru/jour/article/view/644</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ведение пациентов с неконтролируемой артериальной гипертензии в реальной клинической практике остается трудной задачей, несмотря на внушительный арсенал антигипертензивных препаратов. В большинстве случаев коррекция терапии и модификация образа жизни у данной группы пациентов позволяют достичь успеха в лечении, но в ряде случаев целевых значений артериального давления (АГ) достичь не удается.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценить частоту истинной резистентной артериальной гипертензии у пациентов с АГ, выявить основные причины неконтролируемой АГ и определить основные методы коррекции терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: В исследование включены 70 пациентов с неконтролируемой АГ, получавших предшествующую антигипертензивную терапию. Всем пациентам проведено офисное измерение АД при первичном визите, после коррекции терапии было проведено суточное мониторирование артериального давления (СМАД). Коррекция терапии включала в себя назначение стандартной трехкомпонентной схемы «блокатор ренин-ангиотензинальдостероновой системы (РААС) + антагонист кальция + тиазидный диуретик». В случае недостижения целевых цифр АД проводилось исследование содержания альдостерона/ренина крови для исключения первичного гиперальдостеронизма (ПГА). У всех пациентов рассчитывался индекс массы</p><p>тела (ИМТ), проводилась эхокардиография для определения поражения органов-мишеней, проводились общий, биохимический анализы крови (для выявления имеющегося поражения почек).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: у 86% пациентов удалось достичь целевых значений АД с помощью модификации образа жизни (снижение массы тела) и коррекции    ранее проводимой терапии. У 24% исследуемых была выявлена низкая приверженность терапии (некомплаентность) из-за полиграгмазии, в связи с    чем пациентам был рекомендован переход на фиксированные комбинации препаратов, что позволило значимо снизить АД ниже 140/90 мм рт. ст. по результатам СМАД у всех пациентов. У 8% больных была произведена замена амлодипина/лерканидипина на пролонгированный нифедипин, что также привело к снижению АД (−5,5 мм рт. ст. среднего АД по результатам СМАД). В двух случаях был установлен диагноз «ПГА», исключена опухолевая форма данного заболевания с помощью компьютерной томографии надпочечников, назначено лечение антагонистами альдостерона. У 10% пациентов был</p><p>подтвержден диагноз «Резистентная артериальная гипертензия», к лечению последовательно были добавлены спиронолактон в низких дозах (25-50 мг), доксазозин 1 мг, моксонидин 0,4 мг, бисопролол 5 мг. Спиронолактон и доксазозин продемонстрировали схожую эффективность (−7,1 мм рт. ст. и −6,9    мм рт. ст. по средним значениям АД соответственно), моксонидин и бисопролол были менее эффективны (−4,8 и −5,2 мм рт. ст., соответственно). У двух пациентов добавление спиронолактона или доксазозина не привело к достижению целевого уровня АД, к лечению был добавлен петлевой диуретик (фуросемид 40 мг).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Частота резистентной АГ среди пациентов выборки составила 10%. Всем пациентам с неконтролируемой АГ при невозможности достижения целевых значений АД при условии верно назначенного лечения необходимо исключение симптоматической АГ, в частности, ПГА. В случае подтверждения истинной резистентной артериальной гипертензии (РАГ) необходимо назначение антагонистов альдостерона (спиронолактон) в небольших дозах, а также допустимо назначение доксазозина.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The management of patients with uncontrolled arterial hypertension in real clinical practice remains a difficult task, despite the impressive arsenal of  antihypertensive drugs. In most cases, correction of medical therapy and lifestyle modification in this group of patients can achieve success in treatment, but in some cases, the target levels of blood pressure (AH) cannot be achieved.</p><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the incidence of true resistant arterial hypertension in patients with hypertension, to identify the main causes of uncontrolled hypertension and to determine the main methods of modification of therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 70 patients with uncontrolled hypertension who received antihypertensive therapy previously. All patients underwent office measurement of blood pressure at the initial visit and after correction of therapy, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed. Correction of therapy included the prescription of a standard three-component regimen «RAAS blocker + calcium antagonist + thiazide diuretic». In case of failure to achieve     the target BP levels, the measurement of aldosterone/renin in the blood was carried out to exclude primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA). In all patients, the body mass index (BMI) was calculated, echocardiography was performed to determine the target organ damage, complete blood count, biochemical blood tests were performed (to detect existing kidney damage).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In 86% of patients, target BP levels were achieved through lifestyle modification (weight loss) and correction of previous therapy. In 24% of the study subjects, low adherence to therapy (non-compliance) due to polypharmacy was revealed, in connection with which patients were recommended to switch to    fixed combinations of drugs, which made it possible to significantly reduce blood pressure below 140/90 mm Hg. according to the results of ABPM in all patients.   In 8% of patients, amlodipine/lercanidipine was replaced with long-acting nifedipine, which also led to a decrease in blood pressure (−5,5 mm Hg mean blood pressure according to ABPM). In two cases, the diagnosis of PHA was established, the tumor form of this disease was excluded using computed tomography of the adrenal glands, and treatment with aldosterone antagonists was prescribed. In 10% of patients, the diagnosis of «Resistant arterial hypertension» was confirmed, spironolactone in low doses (25-50 mg), doxazosin 1 mg, moxonidine 0,4 mg, bisoprolol 5 mg were sequentially added to the treatment. Spironolactone and doxazosin showed similar efficacy (−7,1 mmHg and −6,9 mmHg in mean BP, respectively), moxonidine and bisoprolol were less effective (−4,8 and −5,2 mmHg,</p></sec><sec><title>respectively)</title><p>respectively). In two patients, the addition of spironolactone or doxazosin did not lead to the achievement of the target BP level, a loop diuretic (furosemide 40 mg) was added to the treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The incidence of resistant hypertension among patients in the study was 10%. All patients with uncontrolled hypertension, if it is impossible to achieve the target values of blood pressure, provided that the treatment is correctly prescribed, it is necessary to exclude symptomatic hypertension, in particular, PHA. In case of confirmation of true RAH, it is necessary to prescribe aldosterone antagonists (spironolactone) in small doses, and doxazosin is also acceptable.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>резистентная артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>первичный гиперальдостеронизм</kwd><kwd>суточное мониторирование артериального давления</kwd><kwd>комбинированная антигипертензивная терапия</kwd><kwd>спиронолактон</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>resistant arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>primary hyperaldosteronism</kwd><kwd>ambulatory blood pressure monitoring</kwd><kwd>combined antihypertensive therapy</kwd><kwd>spironolactone</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аксенова АВ, Сивакова ОА, Блинова НВ, et al. 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