The influence of systemic and ectopic fat depots on the state of kidney function

Objective: To assess renal function and renal hemodynamics in obese individuals at various stages of the cardiometabolic continuum, including metabolically healthy abdominal obesity (MНАО) without metabolic syndrome (MS), MS, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Materials and methods: The sample (n = 156) consisting of individuals with abdominal obesity (AO) aged 18-45 years. Study methods included anthropometric measurements, laboratory (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, uric acid, creatinine, cystatin C, glucose, insulin, with calculation of HOMA-IR, adiponectin, leptin, glomerular filtration rate) and instrumental examinations (renal ultrasound and renal artery duplex scaning, CT with determination of fat depots).

Results: Renal function (GFR) and renal blood flow were to be strongly related to fat depot sizes, both systemic (intraabdominal fat) and local (perirenal fat and renal sinus fat) depot. In persons with MHAO, there is a slight decrease in GFR compared to healthy persons and an increase in the pulse index (PI), which indicates an increase in peripheral vascular resistance to blood flow. In individuals with MS and type 2 DM, these changes are even more pronounced.

Conclusions: Thus, the identification of renal hemodynamic disorders at the early stages of the cardiometabolic continuum will allow highlighting persons with high renal and cardiovascular risk

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