The frequency of detection of comorbid broncho-obstructive pathology in patients with arterial hypertension admitted to a specialized cardiological hospital

Objective: To determine the frequency of detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and Asthma in patients who are admitted to specialized cardiological hospital with arterial hypertension (AH), including AH with chronic heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiac arrhythmias. Analyze the possibility of early diagnosis and the validity of the modified questionnaire for screening risk factors and symptoms of broncho-obstructive pathology in patients with arterial hypertension.

Materials and methods: The sample (n = 1000) consisting of individuals over the age of 18 who continuously arrive for inpatient treatment at the admission department of the National Medical Research Center of Cardiology with arterial hypertension, incl. AH with CHF, IHD and arrhythmias in the period from 2018 to 2019. Active identification of broncho-obstructive pathology among all persons was carried out (history taking, complaints), analysis of medical documents provided by patients (conclusions from outpatient and reference cards of the patient), screening of risk factors and symptoms of broncho-obstructive pathology (a modified questionnaire was used), external respiration function was assessed (computer spirometry), filled out the specialized respiratory questionnaires (CAT, mMRC, ACT).

Results: The undiagnosed broncho-obstructive diseases was demonstrated against the background of their high occurrence in patients with hypertension, incl. CHF, coronary artery disease, NRS entering a specialized cardiological hospital. The study established the most likely predictors of airway obstruction in patients with hypertension, which signal the need to assess the function of external respiration (computed spirometry).

Conclusions: The development and validation of a modified questionnaire makes it possible to identify specific symptoms and risk factors for bronchoobstructive diseases against the backdrop of their high prevalencre among patients who are admitted to cardiology hospital with arterial hypertension.

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